(1812-?) Before learning the daguerreotype process, c. 1840, he operated a jewelry store at 18-1/2 Maiden Lane, New York City, N.Y., in 1839-1840. Following his introduction to the daguerreian process, he opened a gallery on Broadway. He was not listed in the New York city directories until 1843-1844, when he appears as a daguerreian at 189 Broadway. His residence was listed at 80 Greene Street. His gallery remained at the same address through 1853, with varying residence addresses.
In 1846, 1847, 1848, 1850 and 1851 he exhibited daguerreotypes at the American Institute Fair, New York City. In 1850 he pioneered mammoth daguerreotype plates, and at the American Institute Fair in 1851 exhibited eleven double full plates and six half plates.
In 1851 he also exhibited at the Crystal Palace, London, England.
From 1851 to 1855 he lived at 53 Baltic Street, Brooklyn. In March, 1852, fire damaged his gallery. In June, 1852 he purchased the Whitehurst gallery at 349 Broadway, at the corner of Leonard Street. The gallery reportedly had been destroyed by fire; Gurney refurbished it and operated it as a second gallery for a short time. He sold the gallery at 189 Broadway, and effective February 1, 1853, only operated at 349 Broadway.
During 1852-1853 he employed T. Hayes and W.A. Perry as camera operators. In 1852 he was also noted in partnership as Gurney and Litch (A.); the partnership was not listed in the New York City directory.
In 1853, he received honorable mention at the New York Crystal Palace exhibition, and also won the Anthony prize competition. The same year, he exhibited again at the American Institute. Solomon N. Carvalho was employed by Gurney in 1853; and reportedly from 1853 onward Gurney used primarily paper photography processes. He advertised that year as taking "mezzographs."
The Brooklyn city directories lagged a little behind, continuing to list him at 189 Broadway (New York City) from 1853 to 1855. From 1855 to 1857 he was listed in partnership as Gurney and Fredericks (C.D.). From 1855 to 1859, Gurney lived at 332 Henry Street, Brooklyn. He continued to exhibit at the American Institute each year.
From 1857 to 1869 his gallery was listed at 707 Broadway, New York City. In 1857, he was noted in partnership with John Bishop Hall, making and distributing Hallotypes. This partnership was not listed in the New York City directories. From 1858 to 1860, he was listed as photographic artist, 349 Broadway. Sometime in the late 1850's he may have employed Samuel J. iller, a former daguerreian in Akron, Ohio, as a "poser." This was the assistant who posed the sitter for the camera. In 1860-1861, he was listed as a photographist at 707 Broadway, in business as J. Gurney and Son, with Benjamin Gurney.
In 1874, the Gurney and Son partnership was dissolved. Benjamin Gurney continued to work at Kurtz's old gallery at 872 Broadway.